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Global research center working to reduce poverty

Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab

Founded	June 2003
Type	Academic center
Focus	Randomized impact evaluation in areas including Microfinance, Public Health, Agriculture, and more; training and chapters building; policy outreach
Location	Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.s.a. of America
Expanse served	Global
Key people	Esther Duflo, Abhijit Banerjee, Benjamin Olken, Iqbal Dhaliwal
Website	world wide web.povertyactionlab.org

The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Activity Lab (J-PAL) is a global enquiry center working to reduce poverty by ensuring that policy is informed by scientific bear witness. J-PAL conducts randomized impact evaluations to answer critical questions in the fight against poverty, and builds partnerships with governments, NGOs, donors, and others to generate new inquiry, share knowledge, and calibration up constructive programs.^[1]

History and mission [edit]

J-PAL was founded in 2003 as the "Poverty Action Lab" by professors Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Sendhil Mullainathan. J-PAL was established to back up randomized evaluations measuring interventions confronting poverty on topics ranging from agriculture and health to governance and education. The Lab was renamed in honor of Sheikh Abdul Latif Jameel when his son, MIT alumnus Mohammed Abdul Latif Jameel, supported it with three major endowments in 2005.^[2] He farther endowed its activities in 2009.^[3]

A 2010 Concern Week story, "The Businesslike Rebels", termed J-PAL'south approach that of "a new breed of skeptical empiricists committed to assiduous testing and tangible results".^[4] According to Nicolas Kristof, J-PAL has led a "revolution in evaluation";^[5] its philosophy and methods are function of a larger trend towards "applying behavioral economics to global development."^[1] In his review of Banerjee and Duflo's book Poor Economics, Bill Gates wrote: "To me, what's really dandy about J-PAL is that it's producing scientific evidence that can assist make our anti-poverty efforts more constructive."^[6]

Activities [edit]

Although J-PAL was founded every bit a research center, its activities have expanded to encompass three areas: impact evaluations, policy outreach, and capacity building.

To appointment, a network of over 170 J-PAL affiliated professors has carried out more than 948 evaluations in 81 countries, and J-PAL has trained over ane,500 people in bear on evaluation.^{[vii] [8]} These evaluations include everything from an analysis of the effectiveness of glasses in China in improving student test scores^[ix] to a study on the value of deworming to improve student attendance and academic performance in Republic of kenya.^[10] This piece of work, past Michael Kremer and Edward Miguel, provided the impetus for the Deworm the World initiative, which has since reached over xx million children. Another J-PAL researcher, Nava Ashraf, recently completed work on innovative channels to ease the load of overburdened health care workers in Zambia.^[11] An evaluation in Republic of india by J-PAL Directors Esther Duflo, Abhijit Banerjee, and Rachel Glennerster, together with Dhruva Kothari, plant that full immunization rates increased dramatically with the introduction of pocket-size incentives for parents, coupled with reliable services at user-friendly mobile clinics.^[12]

As role of its capacity-building efforts, J-PAL offers courses to assist implementers, policymakers, and researchers go better producers and users of evidence and equip learners worldwide with skills in information analysis and economics. Offerings include open up enrollment courses, custom workshops, online courses, and trainings for enquiry staff. J-PAL has created an online MicroMasters credential in cooperation with MITx and a Diploma in Impact Evaluation with Pontificia Universidad Católica de Republic of chile.^[13] In 2019, J-PAL launched the blended MIT Main's in Data, Economics, and Development Policy, combining online learning with residential educational activity at MIT and intensive internships. The primary's program will equip outstanding students with the skills they need to create evidence-based modify in their communities.^[14]

Construction [edit]

J-PAL's headquarters (Global office) is a center within the Economics Section of the Massachusetts Institute of Engineering (MIT), with regional offices in Africa, Europe, Latin America, Due north America, Due south Asia, and Southeast Asia that are hosted by a local academy:

• J-PAL Europe (Paris, France), established in 2007 with the Paris School of Economics^[xv]
• J-PAL Southern asia (Chennai, India), established in 2007 with the Constitute for Fiscal Management and Enquiry^[16]
• J-PAL Latin America and Caribbean (Santiago, Chile), established in 2009 with the Pontifícia Universidad Católica
• J-PAL Africa (Cape Town, South Africa), established in 2011 with the Academy of Cape Town at SALDRU
• J-PAL Southeast Asia (Jakarta, Indonesia), based at the Establish for Economic and Social Research within the Faculty of Economic science at the Academy of Indonesia (LPEM FEB-UI)^[17]
• J-PAL North America (Cambridge, Massachusetts), established in 2013 with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology^[eighteen]

J-PAL is organized both by these regional offices and by research themes called sector programs. Programs are led past members of the system'due south board of directors, and cover eight areas:

• Agriculture
• Criminal offense
• Education
• Energy and Environment
• Finance
• Health
• Labor Markets
• Political Economy & Governance

J-PAL is currently led by Professors Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Ben Olken as Faculty Directors and Iqbal Dhaliwal every bit the Global Executive Manager.^[xix] J-PAL's Board of Directors sets the vision and strategy for the organization and includes the Global Directors and Executive Director, Regional Scientific Directors and Executive Directors, and Chairs of the Sector Programs. In 2019, J-PAL co-founders Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo, and long time research affiliate Michael Kremer were awarded the Nobel prize in economics "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty."^[20]

Partnerships [edit]

Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) is a close partner of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL). The two organizations share a common mission and take similar methodological approaches to evolution policy evaluation, though J-PAL works through universities and makes use of academic resources, while IPA, every bit a nonprofit, operates through country offices. Both organizations take pioneered the utilise of randomized evaluations to study the effectiveness of evolution interventions worldwide and take collaborated extensively on field studies involving randomized evaluations. A number of J-PAL Affiliates are also IPA Research Affiliates or IPA Research Network Members. The work of both organizations is featured in the popular press books More Proficient Intentions by Dean Karlan and Jacob Appel, and in Banerjee and Duflo'southward 2011 volume, Poor Economics, which was called as the 2011 Fiscal Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award.^[21]

Other J-PAL research partners include the Eye for Micro Finance,^[22] the Middle for International Development'south Micro-Development Initiative, the Middle of Evaluation for Global Action, Ideas 42,^[23] Educate!,^[24] and the Pocket-sized Enterprise Finance Center.^[25]

Experiments and findings in India [edit]

J-PAL has conducted extensive work in India. Below are some examples of experiments and findings in India:^[26]

• Teaching at the Right Level: J-PAL-affiliated researchers partnered with the organization Pratham to acquit numerous randomized evaluations of their Pedagogy at the Right Level (TaRL) arroyo. The research shows that TaRL consistently improves learning when implemented well.^[27]
• AP Smartcards: Assessed touch on of Smartcards on leakages in MGNREGS and social security pensions in AP and found that information technology reduced time taken by beneficiaries to receive payments, reduced leakages, and increased user satisfaction.
• Haryana Schools: Experimented with education students at their actual learning levels, rather than the form they are in. Such students did amend at Hindi but no amend at maths.
• Bihar MGNREGA: Conducted 12 districts and is testing impact on payment delays and corruption in a new official system of funds release.
• Rajasthan Police: Conducted between 2005–08, the report involved sending decoys to police stations with fictitious complaints, and analyzing how many cases were really registered, as well as how policing could exist improved.
• Delhi Deworming: Conducted in 2001–02, showed giving atomic number 26, vitamin A supplements and deworming drugs to two- to 6-year-onetime children through balwadis greatly increased their weight and school participation.
• Udaipur Absent-minded Teachers: In 2003, showed how fiscal incentives and fines increased teacher attendance, leading to improved learning outcomes for students.
• Gujarat Pollution Auditing: Experimented with third party pollution audits of industrial firms paid for past a central pool, instead of by the firm itself; establish that such independently paid for auditors reported higher levels of pollution.
• Nurse Omnipresence: Showed monitoring nurses attendance and fining them for absenteeism led to dramatic improvement in attendance until local assistants undermined the scheme.

Awards [edit]

• 2008: J-PAL receives BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Laurels for Development Cooperation^[28]
• 2009: Abhijit Banerjee receives countdown Infosys Prize
• 2010: Esther Duflo and Sendhil Mullainathan named among Foreign Policy's Top 100 Global Thinkers^[29]
• 2010: Esther Duflo receives John Bates Clark Medal
• 2010: Erica Field receives Elaine Bennett Research Prize
• 2011: Poor Economics chosen every bit Fiscal Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Yr Award.^[21]
• 2014: J-PAL, Abhijit Banerjee, and Esther Duflo awarded The Social Scientific discipline Inquiry Council's Albert O. Hirschman Prize^[30]
• 1997, 2002, 2009: The MacArthur Foundation awarded grants to Esther Duflo (2009), Sendhil Mullainathan (2002), and Michael Kremer (1997)
• 2019: Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel has been awarded to Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty."

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} "Boston Review — Rachel Glennerster and Michael Kremer: Small Changes, Big Results For The World's Poor". Archived from the original on Baronial six, 2011.
2. ^ "MIT alumnus backs Poverty Action Lab with three major endowments". Retrieved fourteen March 2018.
3. ^ "Arab News". Arab News . Retrieved 14 March 2018.
4. ^ "The Pragmatic Rebels". 2 July 2010. Retrieved 14 March 2018 – via www.bloomberg.com.
5. ^ Kristof, Nicholas (xx November 2009). "How Can We Help the World'southward Poor?". The New York Times . Retrieved xiv March 2018.
6. ^ "Poor Economic science: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty book review by Bill Gates". Archived from the original on 2013-05-11. Retrieved fourteen March 2018.
7. ^ "Almost united states of america". www.povertyactionlab.org. The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Activity Lab. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
8. ^ "Home". www.povertyactionlab.org. The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
9. ^ "The Bear upon of Eyeglasses on the Bookish Performance of Primary School Students in China". The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Activity Lab. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
10. ^ "Deworming to increment school attendance". Retrieved 31 December 2021.
11. ^ "MIT TechTV – Nava Ashraf, J-PAL Africa Launch". Archived from the original on August 28, 2011.
12. ^ "Incentives for Immunization | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab". Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Activeness Lab (J-PAL).
13. ^ "J-PAL Preparation and Didactics". Retrieved iii June 2019.
14. ^ "2018 Annual Written report" (PDF) . Retrieved iii June 2019.
15. ^ "Arab News". Arab News . Retrieved xiv March 2018.
16. ^ "Arab News". Arab News . Retrieved 14 March 2018.
17. ^ J-PAL'southward regional office in Southeast Asia, based at the Academy of Indonesia. Official J-PAL website. Retrieved 2013-8-23
18. ^ "News – 2013 – MIT's Jameel Poverty Action Lab launches regional office for North America". shass.mit.edu. MIT SHASS. Retrieved xiv March 2018.
19. ^ "Lath Members". J-PAL. Archived from the original on 2016-03-17.
20. ^ "J-PAL Co-Founders and Affiliate awarded 2019 Nobel Prize".
21. ^ ^{a b} "FT & McKinsey Business concern Book of the Year Laurels". Fiscal Times . Retrieved 14 March 2018.
22. ^ "IFMR-Centre for Micro Finance". July 17, 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17.
23. ^ "ideas42 | Asking the Right Questions". June 25, 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-06-25.
24. ^ "Brainwash!". www.povertyactionlab.org. The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
25. ^ "IFMR - Small Enterprise Finance Centre: Applied research for SME development". July 31, 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-07-31.
26. ^ "J-PAL in Bharat". Retrieved 14 March 2018.
27. ^ Abhijit Banerjee; Rukmini Banerji; James Berry; Esther Duflo; Harini Kannan; Shobhini Mukerji; Marc Shotland; Michael Walton (2017). "From Proof of Concept to Scalable Policies: Challenges and Solutions, with an Application". Periodical of Economical Perspectives. 31 (4): 73–102. doi:x.1257/jep.31.four.73.
28. ^ "J-PAL captures major new international award". Retrieved xiv March 2018.
29. ^ "The FP Peak 100 Global Thinkers". Retrieved 14 March 2018.
30. ^ "Statement of Commendation". The Social Science Research Council Albert O. Hirschmann Prize . Retrieved 15 January 2015.

External links [edit]

• Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab
• Innovations for Poverty Action

lakewhizinut.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Latif_Jameel_Poverty_Action_Lab

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